Prior years’ grades are reported in the 2022-23 grade data. I add up the number of D/F school for recent years. Note that 33 D/F schools is not that unusual for Hillsborough.
Source: Florida Department of Education
| Hillsborough had 33 D/F-rated schools in 2022-23, twice the number as the previous year. | |||||||
| district_name | df_2023 | df_2022 | df_2019 | df_2018 | df_2017 | df_2016 | df_2015 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HILLSBOROUGH | 33 | 14 | 28 | 33 | 35 | 43 | 46 |
| MIAMI-DADE | 5 | 1 | 1 | 5 | 14 | 36 | 63 |
I use Florida Department of Education school enrollment data to calculate the total number of students in D/F schools. I join school grades and enrollment using school number.
Source: Florida Department of Education
| Number of Hillsborough students by school grade | |
| Grade | number_of_students |
|---|---|
| A | 55523 |
| B | 36447 |
| C | 77131 |
| D/F | 17987 |
| I | 899 |
We got employee logs from Hillsborough County Public schools from the 2018-19 school year through 2023-24. The logs include the employee’s name, age, role, school and date hired by the district.
Using the employee’s role, I identified instructional staff as anyone teaching an identifiable subject (e.g., Math or English), coaches and counselors.
I used the hire date to determine how long the employee has been with the district.
| Teachers at D/F-rated schools are younger and have less experienve, on average. | ||
| Grade | share_tenue_le3yr | share_age_le30yr |
|---|---|---|
| Elementary | ||
| A | 12.8% | 10.5% |
| B | 17.9% | 12.1% |
| C | 19.1% | 15.8% |
| D/F | 29.1% | 17.7% |
| Middle | ||
| A | 12.4% | 7.5% |
| B | 14.7% | 7.9% |
| C | 27.1% | 15.5% |
| D/F | 39.8% | 16.1% |
The teachers at D/F schools also have less experience in their school. Roughly three in five teachers at D/F-rated schools have less than three years of experience at their school.
| Teachers at D/F-rated are less experienced at their school. | |
| Grade | share_at_school_less_than_3yr |
|---|---|
| Elementary | |
| A | 34.1% |
| B | 41.9% |
| C | 46.6% |
| D/F | 58.2% |
| Middle | |
| A | 36.4% |
| B | 36.9% |
| C | 59.4% |
| D/F | 65.1% |
Tenure data for the 33 schools:
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Suggested revision:
Families who opt out of poor-performing schools are more likely to be white, which helps make concentrate Black and Hispanic kids in D and F schools.
| White students leave D/F-rated schools at a higher rate than Black students. | |||
| df_school | share_leave_white | share_leave_black | share_leave_hisp |
|---|---|---|---|
| FALSE | 0.2842912 | 0.3308218 | 0.2626966 |
| TRUE | 0.5926333 | 0.3682128 | 0.3575751 |
In 2022, Hillsborough was the third most segregated district by income among the 10 largest schools districts. Pasco and Palm Beach were more segregated.
This isn’t a new problem. The district was the second most economically segregated in 2012, behind Palm Beach, among the 10 largest districts.
This finding is robust, using both Florida Department of Education Survey 3 data, and National Center for Education Statistics Common Core Data. I use the raw number of students qualifying for free or reduced-price lunch, excluding the “USDA multiplier.” With the multiplier, Hillsborough is the second most segregated among the 10 largest districts.
Source: National Center for Education Statistics Common Core Data; Florida Department of Education
| Hillsborough is among the most segregated schools districts in the state, by both race and income. | ||
| A higher disparity index value indicates more segregation. | ||
| District | Race | Income |
|---|---|---|
| CLAY | 0.34 | 0.58 |
| ST. JOHNS | 0.11 | 0.46 |
| PASCO | 0.18 | 0.44 |
| LEON | 0.48 | 0.41 |
| PALM BEACH | 0.46 | 0.41 |
| WALTON | 0.12 | 0.39 |
| COLLIER | 0.49 | 0.36 |
| MANATEE | 0.39 | 0.36 |
| BREVARD | 0.28 | 0.34 |
| HILLSBOROUGH | 0.36 | 0.34 |
| Race measures the difference between white and non-white students. Income measures the difference between students who qualify for a free or reduced-price lunch and those who do not. | ||
| Low-performing schools had more fights and attacks. | |||
| Mean number of incidents per 100 students, by school type and 2022-23 baseline grade. | |||
| Grade | Schools | Incidents | Incidents Reported to LEO |
|---|---|---|---|
| Elementary | |||
| A | 68 | 0.25 | 0.01 |
| B | 44 | 0.70 | 0.05 |
| C | 108 | 0.61 | 0.01 |
| D/F | 54 | 2.16 | 0.07 |
| Middle | |||
| A | 32 | 0.84 | 0.02 |
| B | 18 | 3.23 | 0.26 |
| C | 46 | 4.94 | 0.26 |
| D/F | 12 | 6.12 | 0.50 |
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